Timeline of Mobile, Alabama
City history timeline
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mobile, Alabama, USA.
Prior to 19th century
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- 1702 - Fort Louis de la Mobile founded by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville of Montreal.[1]
- 1703 - Mardi Gras begins.[2]
- 1722 - French Louisiana capital relocated from Mobile to New Orleans.[3]
- 1723 - Fort Conde built.
- 1763 - Mobile becomes part of British West Florida per Treaty of Paris (1763).[1]
- 1780 - March: Battle of Fort Charlotte; Spanish in power.[1]
- 1783 - Mobile becomes part of Spanish West Florida per Treaty of Paris (1783).[1]
19th century
- 1810 - Mobile becomes part of the independent Republic of West Florida.
- 1813
- 1814 - Town of Mobile incorporated.
- 1819 - City of Mobile incorporated.[1]
- 1821 - Mobile Commercial Register begins publication.
- 1823 - Christ Church Cathedral established.[1]
- 1827 - Fire.[5]
- 1829 - Mobile Female Benevolent Society founded.[6]
- 1830
- 1835 - Franklin Society Reading Room and Library founded.[8][9]
- 1839
- October 2: Fire.[10]
- Barton Academy construction completed.
- 1840
- 1842 - United States Marine Hospital completed.[1]
- 1844 - Shaarai Shomayim congregation formed.[11]
- 1845 - Trinity Episcopal Church established.
- 1850
- Mobile Evening News begins publication.[4]
- Population: 20,515.[7]
- Bienville Square (city park) established.
- 1852
- Public schooling begins in Barton Academy building.[12]
- Mobile and Ohio Railroad opened.
- 1854 - Mobile Area Chamber of Commerce chartered.[6]
- 1855 - Publisher S.H. Goetzel in business (approximate date).[13]
- 1857 - City Hall built.
- 1860 - Population: 29,258.
- 1861 - City becomes part of the Confederate States of America.
- 1864
- Wilmer Hall established.[6]
- (August 5) Battle of Mobile Bay.
- 1865 - State colored convention held in city.[14]
- 1868 - Africatown established near Mobile.[15]
- 1869 - Mobile Bar Association[6] and Mobile Law Library founded.[8]
- 1871 - Mobile Cotton Exchange established.
- 1872 - Mobile Carnival Association established.[2]
- 1883
- 1889 - Mobile County Courthouse built.
- 1890
- 1894 - Clara Schumann Club (music group) formed.[6]
- 1900 - Population: 38,469.[1]
20th century
- 1902 - Mobile Public Library established.
- 1906 - (27 September) Mobile swept by a hurricane.[1]
- 1907 - Union Depot built.
- 1910 - Population: 51,521.[3][1]
- 1914 - Rotary Club of Mobile organized.[6]
- 1918 - Alabama Dry Dock and Shipbuilding Company in business.[19]
- 1925 - Lincoln Theatre built.[20]
- 1927 - Saenger Theatre built.[20]
- 1928 - Terminal Railway Alabama State Docks founded.
- 1929
- Mobile Press newspaper begins publication.[4]
- Woman's Clubhouse Association founded.[6]
- 1930 - WALA radio begins broadcasting.[21]
- 1936 - American Association of University Women of Mobile organized.[6]
- 1937
- Foreign trade zone established.[22][23][24]
- Aluminum Ore Company refining plant constructed.[6]
- 1940 - Population: 78,720.
- 1950 - Population: 129,009.
- 1953
- WALA-TV (television) begins broadcasting.[25]
- Consular Corps of Mobile organized (approximate date).[6]
- 1955 - WKRG-TV (television) begins broadcasting.[25]
- 1960
- Sister city agreement established with Puerto Barrios, Guatemala.[26]
- Population: 202,779.
- 1962 - Mobile Genealogical Society founded.[27]
- 1964 - Mobile British Women's Club active (approximate date).[6]
- 1965 - Sister city agreement established with Málaga, Spain.[26]
- 1966 - Neighborhood Organized Workers established.[6]
- 1974
- 1975 - Springhill Medical Center (then called Springhill Memorial Hospital) opens.
- 1976 - City twins with Worms, Germany.[28]
- 1980
- U.S. Supreme Court decides Mobile v. Bolden redistricting-related lawsuit.[29]
- Sister city agreement established with Kaohsiung, Taiwan.[26]
- 1982 - Sister city agreement established with Zakynthos, Greece (approximate date).[30]
- 1983 - Mobile Municipal Archives founded.[31]
- 1985 - U.S. Naval Station Mobile opens.
- 1987 - Providence (hospital) built.
- 1988 - Sister city agreement established with Rostov on Don, Russia.[26]
- 1989
- Sister city agreement established with Pyeongtaek, South Korea.[26]
- Mike Dow becomes mayor.[32]
- 1990 - Sister city agreement established with Katowice, Poland.[26]
- 1992 - Sister city agreement established with Košice, Slovakia.[26]
- 1993
- September 22: 1993 Big Bayou Canot train wreck.
- Sister city agreement established with Havana, Cuba,[28] and Ichihara, Japan.[26]
- 1995
- City website online (approximate date).[33]
- Bayfest (Mobile) (music festival) begins.
- 1998 - Sammy’s v. City of Mobile strip club-related lawsuit decided.[29]
21st century
- 2002 - Tricentennial of founding of Mobile.[6]
- 2005
- 2010 - Population: 195,111.[36]
- 2012 - Christmas tornado outbreak.
- 2015 - Bayfest is cancelled.
See also
- History of Mobile, Alabama
- List of mayors of Mobile, Alabama
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Mobile, Alabama
- Timelines of other cities in Alabama: Birmingham, Huntsville, Montgomery, Tuscaloosa
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b "Mardi Gras Isn't Just in New Orleans", New York Times, March 1, 2017
- ^ a b Owen 1921.
- ^ a b c "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ Goodrich 1839.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o McCall Library. "Collections". University of South Alabama. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
- ^ a b Davies Project. "American Libraries before 1876". Princeton University. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ Charles Coffin Jewett (1851), "Alabama", Notices of public libraries in the United States of America, Washington, D.C: U.S. House of Representatives, OCLC 18394449
- ^ "Hazard's United States Commercial and Statistical Register". 1. Philadelphia. November 1839.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Mobile, Alabama". Encyclopedia of Southern Jewish Communities. Jackson, Mississippi: Goldring / Woldenberg Institute of Southern Jewish Life. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ Clark 1889.
- ^ "Hathi Trust". Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ "Conventions by Year". Colored Conventions. P. Gabrielle Foreman, director. University of Delaware, Library. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Toyin Falola and Amanda Warnock, ed. (2007). "Chronology". Encyclopedia of the Middle Passage. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-33480-1.
- ^ Tom McGehee (January 2012). "The Former Higgins Mortuary". Mobile Bay. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ McCall Library. "Online Exhibits". University of South Alabama. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
- ^ "American and Western Photographic Societies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1890
- ^ a b "Guide to Printed Material at The Doy Leale McCall Rare Book and Manuscript Library". University of South Alabama. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ a b "Historic Theatre Inventory". Maryland, USA: League of Historic American Theatres. Archived from the original on July 21, 2013. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Alabama", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636
- ^ "U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones Board Order Summary". Washington DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
- ^ Susan Tiefenbrun (2012), Tax Free Trade Zones Of The World And In The United States, Edward Elgar, p. 360, ISBN 978-1-84980-243-7
- ^ "FTZ Activity by State, 2015: Alabama", Annual Report of the Foreign-Trade Zones Board to the Congress of the United States, 2016
- ^ a b Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Alabama", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Sister Cities: Program Links Mobile with its International Counterparts", Mobile Register, September 1, 1993
- ^ "Mobile Genealogical Society". Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ a b c "Mobile's Sister Cities". City of Mobile. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- ^ a b M.F. Mikula; et al., eds. (1999), Great American Court Cases, Gale
- ^ "Mobile's Sister Cities", Mobile Press Register, December 19, 1982
- ^ "Municipal Archives". City of Mobile. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- ^ "Mayor". City of Mobile. Archived from the original on August 3, 2001.
- ^ "City of Mobile Home Page". Archived from the original on 1996-12-22 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
- ^ "Meet the Mayors". Washington, DC: United States Conference of Mayors. Archived from the original on June 27, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ "Sister City", Mobile Register, November 3, 2005
- ^ "Mobile city, Alabama". State & County QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
Bibliography
Published in the 19th century
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mobile", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- Alabama (1824), "An Act to alter and amend the Charter of Incorporation of the City of Mobile", Acts of Alabama
- Mobile Directory, Mobile, Alabama: H.M. McGuire and T.C. Fay, 1837, OL 22886873M
- "Mobile", The North American Tourist, New York: A.T. Goodrich, 1839
- John P. Campbell, ed. (1854). "Alabama: Mobile". Southern Business Directory. Charleston, SC: Press of Walker & James.
- "Mobile, Alabama". Ballou's Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion. 12. Boston. June 27, 1857.
- "Alabama River: Mobile". James' River Guide ... Mississippi Valley. Cincinnati: U.P. James. 1860. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081817672.
- Edward H. Hall (1866), "Mobile", Appletons' Hand-book of American Travel: the Southern Tour, New York: D. Appleton & Company
- Edward King Edward; J. Wells Champney (1875), "Mobile, the Chief City of Alabama", The Great South, Hartford, Conn: American Pub. Co.
- Saffold Berney (1878), "Mobile", Handbook of Alabama, Mobile: Mobile Register print., OL 24232267M
- "Mobile" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (9th ed.). 1883.
- Land, John E. (1884). Mobile: Her Trade, Commerce and Industries, 1883-4. J.E. Land.
- Mobile: seaport and trade center; her relations to the New South. USA: Metropolitan and Star. 1888.
- Charter and code of ordinances of the city of Mobile, Mobile, Ala, 1889
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Willis G. Clark (1889). "Public School System of Mobile". History of Education in Alabama. U.S. Bureau of Education, Circular of Information. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.
- Mobile in Photo-gravure. NY. 1892.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Peter J. Hamilton (1897), Colonial Mobile, Boston: Houghton Mifflin and Company, OCLC 3580977, OL 271548M
- "Mobile", Rand, McNally & Co.'s Handy Guide to the Southeastern States, Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., 1899 – via Internet Archive
Published in the 20th century
- "Mobile", The United States (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
- "Mobile" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 635–636.
- Peter J. Hamilton (1912), Bicentennial Celebration ... of the Founding of Mobile, Mobile: Commercial Printing Company, OL 23365574M
- Erwin Craighead (1914), The literary history of Mobile, OCLC 5058844, OL 6576822M
- "Mobile". Automobile Blue Book. USA. 1919.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Map - Thomas McAdory Owen (1921), "Mobile", History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography, Chicago: S.J. Clarke, OCLC 1872130
- Federal Writers' Project (1941), "Mobile", Alabama; a Guide to the Deep South, American Guide Series, New York: Hastings House, hdl:2027/uc1.b4469723
- "Mobile, Alabama's City in Motion", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 133, Washington DC, 1968
- Harriet Elizabeth Amos (1978). "All-Absorbing Topics: Food and Clothing in Confederate Mobile". Atlanta Historical Society Journal (22).
- Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "Mobile, AL", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
- Harriet Elizabeth Amos (1981). "City Belles: Images and Realities of Lives of White Women in Antebellum Mobile". Alabama Review. 34.
- Harriet Elizabeth Amos (1985). Cotton City: Urban Development in Antebellum Mobile. University of Alabama Press.
- Don Harrison Doyle (1990), New Men, New Cities, New South: Atlanta, Nashville, Charleston, Mobile, 1860-1910, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 0807818836
- Bergeron, Arthur W. Confederate Mobile. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1991.
- Higganbotham, Jay. Old Mobile: Fort Louis de la Louisiane, 1702–1711. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1991.
- Bruce Nelson (1993). "Organized Labor and the Struggle for Black Equality in Mobile during World War II". Journal of American History. 80 (3): 952–988. doi:10.2307/2080410. JSTOR 2080410.
- George Thomas Kurian (1994), "Mobile, Alabama", World Encyclopedia of Cities, vol. 1: North America, Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, OL 1431653M – via Internet Archive (fulltext)
- "The South: Alabama: Mobile", USA, Let's Go, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999, OL 24937240M
Published in the 21st century
- Michael Thomason (2001), Mobile: The New History of Alabama's First City, University Alabama Press, ISBN 9780817310653
- Fitzgerald, Michael W. Urban Emancipation: Popular Politics in Reconstruction Mobile, 1860–1890. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002.
- Pride, Richard. The Political Use of Racial Narratives: School Desegregation in Mobile, Alabama, 1954–1997. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2002.
- Gregory A. Waselkov (2002). "French Colonial Archaeology at Old Mobile: An Introduction". Historical Archaeology. 36.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Mobile, Alabama.
- Scotty E. Kirkland. "Mobile". Encyclopedia of Alabama. Alabama Humanities Foundation.
- "Carnival/Mobile Mardi Gras Timeline". History Museum of Mobile.
- "Selected Resources for Alabama Counties: Mobile County". Birmingham Public Library.
- "(City: Mobile)". Alabama Repositories Directory. Alabama Department of Archives & History.
A listing of public entities and private organizations holding historical records, artifacts, and other cultural heritage materials
- "ADAH Digital Collections". Alabama Department of Archives and History.. Materials related to Mobile, Ala.
- Items related to Mobile, Alabama, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
- Map of Mobile, 1815
- Materials related to Mobile, Alabama, various dates (via US Library of Congress, Prints & Photos Division)
- Materials related to Mobile, Alabama, various dates (via New York Public Library, Digital Collections)
- Back in the Day in Mobile County - Free genealogy records, family stories, area descriptions and information on Mobile historical sites.
30°41′38″N 88°02′35″W / 30.694°N 88.043°W / 30.694; -88.043
