Sholaga language
Dravidian language of India
| Sholaga | |
|---|---|
| Soliga | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Karnataka, Tamil Nadu |
| Ethnicity | Soliga |
Native speakers | 24,000 (2006)[1] |
Language family | Dravidian
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | sle |
| Glottolog | shol1240 |
| ELP | Sholaga |
The Sholaga (Soliga) language is a Dravidian language related to Kannada and Tamil, spoken by the Soliga people.
Other names
Sholaga language, is also known as Kadu Sholigar, Sholiga, Sholigar, Solaga, Solega, Soliga, Soligar, Solanayakkans, Sholanayika.
Phonology
The tables present the vowel and the consonant phonemes of Sholaga.[2]
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| High | i | iː | ɨ | ɨː | ʉ | ʉː | u | uː |
| Mid | e | eː | ə | əː | ɵ | ɵː | o | oː |
| Low | a | aː | ||||||
Zvelebil had listed centralized <ä, ǟ> in the phonology. The real quality distinguishing <ä, ǟ> and <a, ā> isn't clear.
- There are phonemic nasal vowels.
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal/ Pst.alv | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n̪ | ɳ | ŋ | |||
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | t͡ʃ | k | |
| voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | s | h | |||||
| Approximant | ʋ | l | ɭ | j | |||
| Rhotic | ɾ⠀r | ɽ | |||||
- /s/ in free variation with [ʃ].
Classification
Sholaga is classified as a Dravidian language, more specifically South Dravidian. Dravidian languages are split into five main categories by the name of Southern, South Central, Central, North and Unclassified. Sholaga falls into the Southern category which is then split into the three categories: Tamil-Kannada, Macro-Tulu, and unclassified. Sholaga falls into the Tamil-Kannada category.
Words
| English | Sholaga |
|---|---|
| tiger | dodinayi |
| elephant | coquedana |
| elephant with huge tusks | coquedonga |
| female elephant with growing tusks | coreyani |
| deer | Maan |
| Sambar deer | kadave |
| Chital | saraga |
| Moss Deer | koore |
| muntjac | tadu-koori |
| Area with boulders and rarely any rain | udugaru |
| An evergreen forest | Patchai kadu |
References
- ^ Sholaga at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ Zvelebil (1990), p. 157.
- ^ Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian languages (null ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-511-06037-3.
Sources
- Zvelebil, Kamil V. (1990), The Language of the Shōlegas, Nilgiri Area, South India, Journal of the American Oriental Society
External links
- OLAC resources
- Si, A. (2011). ScholarSpace at University of Hawaii at Manoa: Documenting traditional biological and ecological knowledge: An Indian example
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| Tulu-Koraga | |||||||||||||||||
| Others |
| Teluguic | |||||
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| Gondi-Kui |
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| Kolami-Naiki | |
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| Parji–Gadaba |
| Kurukh-Malto | |
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Italics indicate extinct languages (no surviving native speakers and no spoken descendant)
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