NGC 4203
NGC 4203 | |
---|---|
NGC 4203 (SDSS) | |
Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
Constellation | Coma Berenices |
Right ascension | 12h 15m 05.0s[1] |
Declination | +33° 11′ 50″[1] |
Redshift | 0.003620[2] |
Heliocentric radial velocity | 1,083[3] km/s |
Galactocentric velocity | 1,093[3] km/s |
Distance | 49.84 ± 0.46 Mly (15.28 ± 0.14 Mpc)[3] |
Group or cluster | Coma I |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.99[4] |
Apparent magnitude (B) | 12.98[4] |
Characteristics | |
Type | SAB0−[5] |
Apparent size (V) | 2.467′ × 2.319′[6] |
Other designations | |
2MASX J12150502+3311500, LEDA 39158, UGC 7256, UZC J121505.0+331152, Z 187-29 .[7] |
NGC 4203 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a lenticular galaxy in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered on March 20, 1787 by English astronomer William Herschel,[8] and is situated 5.5° to the northwest of the 4th magnitude star Gamma Comae Berenices and can be viewed with a small telescope.[9] The morphological classification of NGC 4203 is SAB0−,[5] indicating that it has a lenticular form with tightly wound spiral arms and a weak bar structure at the nucleus.[10]
This galaxy has a fairly large reservoir of neutral hydrogen containing on the order of a billion solar masses (M☉), but it is only undergoing a low rate of new star formation. Hence, the inner star formation of the galaxy is fairly old; roughly ten billion years on average. The neutral hydrogen is arranged in two ring-like structures, with the outer ring having nine times the mass of the inner. In the central region there is around 2.5×107 M☉ of molecular hydrogen, plus dust structures within 980 ly (300 pc) of the nucleus. The gas in the outer disk may have been accreted from the inter-galactic medium, or captured during a close encounter with a dwarf galaxy.[11]
The nucleus of the galaxy contains a low-ionization nuclear emission-line region of type 1.9. This is being generated by a supermassive black hole of an estimated (6±1)×107 M☉. An influx of gas of around 2×10−2 M☉/yr is sufficient to explain the measured X-ray luminosity. The time-varying emissions from the region are perhaps best explained by an infalling red supergiant star that is losing mass to the black hole along a contrail.[12]
NGC 4203 is a member of the Coma I Group[13][14][15] which is part of the Virgo Supercluster.[16]
References
- ^ a b Myers, S. T.; et al. (May 2003), "The Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey - I. Source selection and observations", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 341 (1): 1–12, arXiv:astro-ph/0211073, Bibcode:2003MNRAS.341....1M, doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06256.x, S2CID 18706420.
- ^ Kochanek, C. S.; et al. (October 2001), "The K-Band Galaxy Luminosity Function", The Astrophysical Journal, 560 (2): 566–579, arXiv:astro-ph/0011456, Bibcode:2001ApJ...560..566K, doi:10.1086/322488, S2CID 119420446.
- ^ a b c Tully, R. Brent; et al. (October 2013), "Cosmicflows-2: The Data", The Astronomical Journal, 146 (4): 25, arXiv:1307.7213, Bibcode:2013AJ....146...86T, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/4/86, S2CID 118494842, 86.
- ^ a b Véron-Cetty, M.-P.; Véron, P. (July 2010), "A catalogue of quasars and active nuclei", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 518 (13th ed.): A10, Bibcode:2010A&A...518A..10V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014188.
- ^ a b Erwin, Peter; Debattista, Victor P. (June 2013), "Peanuts at an angle: detecting and measuring the three-dimensional structure of bars in moderately inclined galaxies", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 431 (4): 3060–3086, arXiv:1301.0638, Bibcode:2013MNRAS.431.3060E, doi:10.1093/mnras/stt385, S2CID 54653263.
- ^ Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 18913331.
- ^ "NGC 4203". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2016-01-03.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ Seligman, Courtney (November 23, 2012), "NGC Objects: NGC 4200 - 4249", Celestial Atlas, retrieved 2015-01-04.
- ^ O'Meara, Steve (2007), Herschel 400 Observing Guide, Cambridge University Press, p. 190, ISBN 978-0521858939.
- ^ de Vaucouleurs, G.; et al. (1991), "Third reference catalogue of bright galaxies, version 9", The Astronomical Journal, 108: 2128, Bibcode:1994AJ....108.2128C, doi:10.1086/117225, retrieved 2015-11-25.
- ^ Yıldız, Mustafa K.; et al. (July 2015), "Star formation in the outer regions of the early-type galaxy NGC 4203", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 451 (1): 103–113, arXiv:1505.02981, Bibcode:2015MNRAS.451..103Y, doi:10.1093/mnras/stv992, S2CID 119208550.
- ^ Devereux, Nick (December 2011), "Time Variable Broad-line Emission in NGC 4203: Evidence for Stellar Contrails", The Astrophysical Journal, 743 (1): 10, arXiv:1106.4790, Bibcode:2011ApJ...743...83D, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/83, S2CID 118450426, 83.
- ^ R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-35299-4.
- ^ A. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II - Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G.
- ^ Giuricin, Giuliano; Marinoni, Christian; Ceriani, Lorenzo; Pisani, Armando (2000). "Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups". The Astrophysical Journal. 543 (1): 178. arXiv:astro-ph/0001140. Bibcode:2000ApJ...543..178G. doi:10.1086/317070. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 9618325.
- ^ Gregory, Stephen A.; Thompson, Laird A. (April 15, 1977). "The Coma i Galaxy Cloud". The Astrophysical Journal. 213: 345–350. Bibcode:1977ApJ...213..345G. doi:10.1086/155160. ISSN 0004-637X.
External links
- NGC 4203 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
- v
- t
- e
- 4000
- 4001
- 4002
- 4003
- 4004
- 4005
- 4006
- 4007
- 4008
- 4009
- 4010
- 4011
- 4012
- 4013
- 4014
- 4015
- 4016
- 4017
- 4018
- 4019
- 4020
- 4021
- 4022
- 4023
- 4024
- 4025
- 4026
- 4027
- 4028
- 4029
- 4030
- 4031
- 4032
- 4033
- 4034
- 4035
- 4036
- 4037
- 4038
- 4039
- 4040
- 4041
- 4042
- 4043
- 4044
- 4045
- 4046
- 4047
- 4048
- 4049
- 4050
- 4051
- 4052
- 4053
- 4054
- 4055
- 4056
- 4057
- 4058
- 4059
- 4060
- 4061
- 4062
- 4063
- 4064
- 4065
- 4066
- 4067
- 4068
- 4069
- 4070
- 4071
- 4072
- 4073
- 4074
- 4075
- 4076
- 4077
- 4078
- 4079
- 4080
- 4081
- 4082
- 4083
- 4084
- 4085
- 4086
- 4087
- 4088
- 4089
- 4090
- 4091
- 4092
- 4093
- 4094
- 4095
- 4096
- 4097
- 4098
- 4099
- 4100
- 4101
- 4102
- 4103
- 4104
- 4105
- 4106
- 4107
- 4108
- 4109
- 4110
- 4111
- 4112
- 4113
- 4114
- 4115
- 4116
- 4117
- 4118
- 4119
- 4120
- 4121
- 4122
- 4123
- 4124
- 4125
- 4126
- 4127
- 4128
- 4129
- 4130
- 4131
- 4132
- 4133
- 4134
- 4135
- 4136
- 4137
- 4138
- 4139
- 4140
- 4141
- 4142
- 4143
- 4144
- 4145
- 4146
- 4147
- 4148
- 4149
- 4150
- 4151
- 4152
- 4153
- 4154
- 4155
- 4156
- 4157
- 4158
- 4159
- 4160
- 4161
- 4162
- 4163
- 4164
- 4165
- 4166
- 4167
- 4168
- 4169
- 4170
- 4171
- 4172
- 4173
- 4174
- 4175
- 4176
- 4177
- 4178
- 4179
- 4180
- 4181
- 4182
- 4183
- 4184
- 4185
- 4186
- 4187
- 4188
- 4189
- 4190
- 4191
- 4192
- 4193
- 4194
- 4195
- 4196
- 4197
- 4198
- 4199
- 4200
- 4201
- 4202
- 4203
- 4204
- 4205
- 4206
- 4207
- 4208
- 4209
- 4210
- 4211
- 4212
- 4213
- 4214
- 4215
- 4216
- 4217
- 4218
- 4219
- 4220
- 4221
- 4222
- 4223
- 4224
- 4225
- 4226
- 4227
- 4228
- 4229
- 4230
- 4231
- 4232
- 4233
- 4234
- 4235
- 4236
- 4237
- 4238
- 4239
- 4240
- 4241
- 4242
- 4243
- 4244
- 4245
- 4246
- 4247
- 4248
- 4249
- 4250
- 4251
- 4252
- 4253
- 4254
- 4255
- 4256
- 4257
- 4258
- 4259
- 4260
- 4261
- 4262
- 4263
- 4264
- 4265
- 4266
- 4267
- 4268
- 4269
- 4270
- 4271
- 4272
- 4273
- 4274
- 4275
- 4276
- 4277
- 4278
- 4279
- 4280
- 4281
- 4282
- 4283
- 4284
- 4285
- 4286
- 4287
- 4288
- 4289
- 4290
- 4291
- 4292
- 4293
- 4294
- 4295
- 4296
- 4297
- 4298
- 4299
- 4300
- 4301
- 4302
- 4303
- 4304
- 4305
- 4306
- 4307
- 4308
- 4309
- 4310
- 4311
- 4312
- 4313
- 4314
- 4315
- 4316
- 4317
- 4318
- 4319
- 4320
- 4321
- 4322
- 4323
- 4324
- 4325
- 4326
- 4327
- 4328
- 4329
- 4330
- 4331
- 4332
- 4333
- 4334
- 4335
- 4336
- 4337
- 4338
- 4339
- 4340
- 4341
- 4342
- 4343
- 4344
- 4345
- 4346
- 4347
- 4348
- 4349
- 4350
- 4351
- 4352
- 4353
- 4354
- 4355
- 4356
- 4357
- 4358
- 4359
- 4360
- 4361
- 4362
- 4363
- 4364
- 4365
- 4366
- 4367
- 4368
- 4369
- 4370
- 4371
- 4372
- 4373
- 4374
- 4375
- 4376
- 4377
- 4378
- 4379
- 4380
- 4381
- 4382
- 4383
- 4384
- 4385
- 4386
- 4387
- 4388
- 4389
- 4390
- 4391
- 4392
- 4393
- 4394
- 4395
- 4396
- 4397
- 4398
- 4399
- 4400
- 4401
- 4402
- 4403
- 4404
- 4405
- 4406
- 4407
- 4408
- 4409
- 4410
- 4411
- 4412
- 4413
- 4414
- 4415
- 4416
- 4417
- 4418
- 4419
- 4420
- 4421
- 4422
- 4423
- 4424
- 4425
- 4426
- 4427
- 4428
- 4429
- 4430
- 4431
- 4432
- 4433
- 4434
- 4435
- 4436
- 4437
- 4438
- 4439
- 4440
- 4441
- 4442
- 4443
- 4444
- 4445
- 4446
- 4447
- 4448
- 4449
- 4450
- 4451
- 4452
- 4453
- 4454
- 4455
- 4456
- 4457
- 4458
- 4459
- 4460
- 4461
- 4462
- 4463
- 4464
- 4465
- 4466
- 4467
- 4468
- 4469
- 4470
- 4471
- 4472
- 4473
- 4474
- 4475
- 4476
- 4477
- 4478
- 4479
- 4480
- 4481
- 4482
- 4483
- 4484
- 4485
- 4486
- 4487
- 4488
- 4489
- 4490
- 4491
- 4492
- 4493
- 4494
- 4495
- 4496
- 4497
- 4498
- 4499