Cordylidae

Family of lizards

Cordylidae
Tropical girdled lizard,
Cordylus tropidosternum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Clade: Cordyliformes
Family: Cordylidae
Fitzinger, 1826
Diversity
10 genera (see text)

Cordylidae is a family of small- to medium-sized lizards that occur in southern and eastern Africa. They are commonly known as girdled lizards, spinytail lizards, or girdle-tail lizards.[1][2]

Cordylidae is closely related to the family Gerrhosauridae, occurring in Africa and Madagascar. These two scientific families of lizards, known as Cordyliformes or Cordyloidea, are sometimes combined into a larger concept of Cordylidae. Recent molecular analyses confirm the clade made up of Cordylidae and Gerrhosauridae (Cordyloidea) and place it in a larger clade including Xantusiidae (Cordylomorpha Vidal & Hedges, 2009).[3]

Description and behavior

Girdled lizards are diurnal and insectivorous. They are terrestrial, mostly inhabiting crevices in rocky terrain, although at least one species digs burrows and another lives under exfoliating bark on trees. They have flattened heads and bodies, and are distinguished by a heavy armour of osteoderms and large, rectangular, scales, arranged in regular rows around the body and tail. Many species have rings of spines on the tail, that aid in wedging the animal into sheltering crevices, and also in dissuading predators.[4]

Most species have four limbs, but those in the genus Chamaesaura are almost entirely limbless, with only tiny spikes in place of the hind limbs. The family includes both egg-laying and ovoviviparous species.[4]

Genera

List of genera
Genus Image Type species Taxon author Common name Species
Chamaesaura
C. anguina
C. anguina (Linnaeus, 1758) Schneider, 1801 Grass lizards 5
Cordylus
C. niger
C. cordylus (Linnaeus, 1758) Laurenti, 1768 Girdled lizards 21
Hemicordylus
H. capensis
H. capensis (Smith, 1838) Smith, 1838 Cliff lizards 2
Karusasaurus
K. polyzonus
K. polyzonus (Smith, 1838) Stanley, Bauer, Jackman, Branch & Mouton, 2011 Karusa lizards 2
Namazonurus
N. peersi
N. pustulatus (W. Peters, 1862) Stanley, Bauer, Jackman, Branch & Mouton, 2011 Namaqua girdled lizards 5
Ninurta
N. coeruleopunctatus
N. coeruleopunctatus (Methuen & Hewitt, 1913) Stanley, Bauer, Jackman, Branch & Mouton, 2011 Blue-spotted girdled lizard 1
Ouroborus
O. cataphractus
O. cataphractus (F. Boie, 1828) Stanley, Bauer, Jackman, Branch & Mouton, 2011 Armadillo girdled lizard 1
Platysaurus
P. relictus
P. capensis Smith, 1844 Smith, 1844 Flat lizards 16
Pseudocordylus
P. subviridis
P. microlepidotus (Cuvier, 1829) Smith, 1838 Crag lizards 6
Smaug
S. giganteus
S. giganteus (Smith, 1844) Stanley, Bauer, Jackman, Branch & Mouton, 2011 Girdled lizards 9

References

  1. ^ "Cordylidae." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007.
  2. ^ "Cordylidae." Bill Branch. 1998. Field Guide to Snakes and other reptiles of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.
  3. ^ Nicolas Vidal; S. Blair Hedges The molecular evolutionary tree of lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians
  4. ^ a b Bauer, Aaron M. (1998). Cogger, H.G.; Zweifel, R.G. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 160–161. ISBN 0-12-178560-2.

External links

  • Cordylidae
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Squamata families
DibamiaGekkotaScincoideaLaterata / Lacertoidea
Gymnophthalmoidea
Amphisbaenia
AnguimorphaIguaniaSerpentes
Scolecophidia
Alethinophidia
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Extant Cordylidae species
Chamaesaura
  • Transvaal grass lizard (C. aenea)
  • Cape grass lizard (C. anguina)
  • Large-scale grass lizard (C. macrolepis)
  • Zambian grass lizard (C. miopropus)
  • Cape snake lizard (C. tenuior)
Cordylus
  • Angolan girdled lizard (C. angolensis)
  • Maasai girdled lizard (C. beraduccii)
  • Cape girdled lizard (C. cordylus)
  • Rooiberg girdled lizard (C. imkeae)
  • Limpopo girdled lizard (C. jonesii)
  • Machado's girdled lizard (C. machadoi)
  • Coastal spiny-tailed lizard (C. macropholis)
  • Marungu girdled lizard (C. marunguensis)
  • McLachlan's girdled lizard (C. mclachlani)
  • Mecula girdled lizard (C. meculae)
  • Western dwarf girdled lizard (C. minor)
  • Kaokoveld girdled lizard (C. namakuiyus)
  • Black girdled lizard (C. niger)
  • Nyika girdled lizard (C. nyikae)
  • Oelofsen's girdled lizard (C. oelofseni)
  • N’Dolondolo girdled lizard (C. phonolithos)
  • Rhodesian girdled lizard (C. rhodesianus)
  • Ethiopian girdled lizard (C. rivae)
  • East African spiny-tailed lizard (C. tropidosternum)
  • Ukinga girdled lizard (C. ukingensis)
  • Transvaal girdled lizard (C. vittifer)
Hemicordylus
  • Cape cliff lizard (H. capensis)
  • Dwarf cliff lizard (H. nebulosus)
Karusasaurus
  • Jordan's girdled lizard (K. jordani)
  • African spiny-tailed lizard (K. polyzonus)
Namazonurus
  • Campbell's girdled lizard (N. campbelli)
  • Lawrence's girdled lizard (N. lawrenci)
  • Namaqua girdled lizard (N. namaquensis)
  • Peers’s girdled lizard (N. peersi)
  • Herero girdled lizard (N. pustulatus)
Ninurta
  • Blue-spotted girdled lizard (N. coeruleopunctatus)
Ouroboros
  • Armadillo girdled lizard (O. cataphractus)
Platysaurus
  • Attenborough's flat lizard (P. attenboroughi)
  • Broadley's flat lizard (P. broadleyi)
  • Cape flat lizard (P. capensis)
  • Dwarf flat lizard (P. guttatus)
  • Emperor flat lizard (P. imperator)
  • Common flat lizard (P. intermedius)
  • Lebombo flat lizard (P. lebomboensis)
  • Spotted flat lizard (P. maculatus)
  • Waterberg flat lizard (P. minor)
  • Mitchell's flat lizard (P. mitchelli)
  • Orange-throated flat lizard (P. monotropis)
  • Ocellated flat lizard (P. ocellatus)
  • Sekukhune flat lizard (P. orientalis)
  • Pungwe flat lizard (P. pungweensis)
  • Soutpansberg flat lizard (P. relictus)
  • Striped flat lizard (P. torquatus)
Pseudocordylus
  • Lang's crag lizard (P. langi)
  • Highveld crag lizard (P. melanotus)
  • Cape crag lizard (P. microlepidotus)
  • Spiny crag lizard (P. spinosus)
  • Drakensberg crag lizard (P. subviridis)
  • Northern crag lizard (P. transvaalensis)
Smaug
  • Barberton girdled lizard (S. barbertonensis)
  • Waterberg girdled lizard (S. breyeri)
  • Zoutpansberg girdled lizard (S. depressus)
  • Giant girdled lizard (S. giganteus)
  • Mozambique girdled lizard (S. mossambicus)
  • Regal girdled lizard (S. regius)
  • Swazi dragon lizard (S. swazicus)
  • Van Dam's girdled lizard (S. vandami)
  • Warren's girdled lizard (S. warreni)
Taxon identifiers
Cordylidae
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